Act+5+Sun

Think About It: ~ Tiffany Kemple
 * I think that solar radiation gives our planet energy and powers alot of things we use. Technology allows us to use solar energy into electricity to power houses in a more eco-friendly fashion.
 * Solar radiation can also be harmful. If you get to much of it you could get skin cancer.

Geowords
 * Photosphere – the visible surface of the Sun, lying just above the uppermost layer of the Sun’s interior, and just below the atmosphere.
 * Chromosphere – a layer in the Sun’s atmosphere, the transition between the outermost layer of the Sun’s atmosphere, or corona.
 * Corona – the outermost atmosphere of a star.
 * Albedo – the reflective property of a non-luminous object.

Lily Hughes
 * Digging Deeper- The Structure of the Sun **The sun has a layered structure. The three outer parts of the sun are the photosphere, the chromosphere, and corona. The sun's central region is where nuclear fusion forms. The photosphere is the sun's visible surface. The chromosphere makes the radiation that the sun gives off and the corona is the uppermost part. **-Kaitlyn Peters **

**Digging Deeper-The Earth's Energy Budget **The Earth has an energy budget. Like your budget the Earth adds energy to its budget by the Sun and loses energy to space. Over time the amount of energy the Earth gains is equal to the amount it loses. This flow of energy is the source of energy for most living things on Earth. Plants gain energy during photsynthesis from the Sun. Animals then eat the plants for their energy. **-Thomas Crutchfield ** __//** Digging Deeper ; Solar Flares **//__ //**Enormous quantities of ultraviolet, x-ray, and radio waves blast out from the Sun. These high-radiation events can be devastating to the Earth -orbiting satellites and astronauts, as well as systems on the ground. Solar flares intensify the solar wind, which makes the ionosphere thicken and strengthern. When this happens, radio signals from Earth are trapped inside the ionosphere. It interferes with radio signals which causes satellite problems.**//

//** By: Godwin Djokoto **//

Digging Deeper- solar radiation
==== Just as there are benefits to receiving energy from the sun there are dangers. the ill effects of sunlight are caused by ultra violet radiation, which causes skin damage. scientist have recently noted decreasing levels of ozone in the atmosphere. that means more UV radiation will reach earth. ==== //**-Hannah Albritton**//

Digging Deeper: Collecting data about the sun
===Astronomers collect data about the sun from the ground. They use solar telescopes which are instruments outfitted with special sensors to detect the different kinds of solar activity. There are many solar telescope sites around the world. They are- Sacramento Peak Solar Observatory in New Mexico, the McMath Solar telescope in Arizona, and the Mount Wilson solar observatory in California. Certain scientists say that sunspot cycles affect weather on earth because when there is high sunspot activity, climate is warmer. During times of low sunspot activity, the climate is colder.===

By: Taylor Smith
Harmful Solar Radiation: Just as there are benefits to receiving energy from the sun, there are dangers also. The dangers of the sun cause ultraviolet radiation, which causes high skin damage. Found in the upper atmosphere is the gas of ozone wich shields the earth from much of the sun’s harmul UV rays. BY:KATHRINE JACQUES

Electromagnetic radiation: is the energy propagated through space by oscillating electric and magnetic fields. It travels at 3X10 to the 8th m/s in a vaccuum and includes (in order of increasing energy) radio, infrared, visible light (optical), ultraviolet , x-rays, and gamma rays. Peak wavelength: is the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation with the most electromagnetic energy emitted by any object. Gabby Garibaldi

//__#2:__// Solar winds are a stream of high-speed, ionized particles ejected primarily from the sun's corona. It flows out from the solar corona in all directions and is responsible for "space weather". ( Space weather is the environment outside our planet ).
 * Check Your Understanding: **


 * By: Chelsea Blanton**

**This image shows the sun after having solar flares. The sun unleashed a cosmic double flare on March 6. Two major flares erupted to cap a day of powerful solar storms. One of the flares is the most powerful solar eruption of the year, so far. Both of the massive solar flares were ranked as X-class storms, which are the strongest type of solar flares the sun can have.** **- Jade Miller**

act 5 where the suns energy goes. the sun is earths main external energy source. half is absorbed by the earths surface the rest is absorbed by the atmosphere or reflected back into space by the earth or clouds.16% absorbed in atmosphere 3% by clouds and 51% by land and ocean. lea kincaid

 ** How does the albedo of the Earth change how much energy is absorbed or reflected? ** The albedo of the earth changes how much energy is absorbed or relected because of the clouds, snow and dark coloered soil. All of these can change the amount of energy that is both absorbed and reflected.
 * BY: Brittany Stocker **

**__Geo word act. 5__**  Plasma- a state of matter wherein all atoms are ionized; a mixture of free elecrons and free atomic nuclei. Ionosphere- The part of the Earths atmosphere above about 50 km where atoms are significantly ionized and affect the propagation of radio waves. Ion- an atom with one or more electrons removed(or added), giving it a positive(or negitive) charge. –KORY SANDERS Digging Deeper-Notes- Luke Bickerstaff Most of the sunlight that passes through the atmosphere reaches the Earths surface without being absorbed. The Sun heats the atmosphere not directly, but rather by warming the Earths surface. The Earths surface in turn warms the air near the ground. As the Earths surface absorbs solar radiation, it radiates the heat energy back out to space as infrared radiation.

__Check Your Understanding #1__ Solar flares interfere with communication and power systems because protons and neutrons stream from the flares at 800km/hr that affect satellites as well as power grids. Without satellites or power, communication could also be affected. A solar flare occurred in Canada during 1989 knocking out a power grid. -Morgan Mueller

===Some scientists theorize that sunspot cycles affect weather on Earth. They think that during times of high sunspot activity, the climate is warmer. During times of no or low sunspot activity, climate is cooler.A sharp decrease in sunspots occured from 1645 to 1715. this period of lower solar activity, first noted by G. Sporer and later studied by E.W. Maunder, is called the Maunder Minimun. It coincided with cooler temperatures on Earth, part of a perios known as the 'Little Ice Age."=== -Joshua Kirtley

Solar flares make solar wind stronger. When this happens, it makes the ionosphere thicken and disrupt radio signals from earth. The radio signals get trapped inside the ionosphere. This causes problems for satellites, astronauts, and people flying in high flying aircraft. You can see up to date info about solar activity on a web site called “Space weather now” -Tommy Rutt
 * Solar flares**


 * __Structure of the Sun-__**

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From the Earth's surface the Sun appears as a white, glowing ball of light. Like the Earth, the Sun has a layered structure. Its central region (the core) is where nuclear fusion occurs. The core is the source of all energy the Sun emits. That energy travels out from the core, through a radioactive layer and a convection zone above that.===== -Gage Chumney